CaliPile™ Thermopile Sensors

Frequency Bandwidth up to 0.25, 1 GHz; Low Cut-off Frequency DC-10 kHz; High Cut-off Frequency 100 kHz-1 GHz; Transimpedance 0.5-200 kV/A; Output Impedance 50 Ω; Output Voltage Swing ±1-±10 V Vigo System’s AIP, PIP, MIP, FIP and SIP configurable line series of infrared (IR) detection modules integrate the infrared photodetector and the preamplifier in a common package. This integration makes the detectors less vulnerable to over-bias, electrostatic discharge, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and other environmental exposures. Additional advantages of the integration are improved high-frequency (HF) performance, output signal standardization, miniaturization, and cost reduction. Vigo System’s broad line of transimpedance preamplifiers is especially designed for integration with each type of the supplier’s IR detectors. The configurable line of modules enables the selection of the active area, type of preamplifier and bandwidth of the detection module. This makes it possible to adapt the module to the needs of your own application. To obtain the most optimal parameters of integrated module each preamplifier is individually matched to the selected detector. The parameters of each integrated set will be known after final evaluation (matching, adjustment and final tests). If you need any assistance in selecting Vigo System products that are appropriate for your application, please contact the AMS Technologies IR detector specialists. Vigo System’s AIP series is a new generation of transimpedance, AC or DC coupled preamplifiers. It is designed to operate with either biased or non-biased Vigo System detectors. AIP is „all‑in-one” device – a preamplifier is integrated with a fan and a thermoelectric cooler controller in a compact housing. It is very convenient and user‑friendly device, thus can be easily used in a variety of applications. AIP series modules can be equipped with thermoelectrically cooled models of the PC, PCI, PV, PVI, PVM and PVMI IR detector series. Vigo System’s PIP series comprises programmable, “smart” preamplifiers, offering extreme flexibility combined with superior signal parameters and high reliability. A built-in voltage monitor allows to check and optimize the working conditions (supply voltages, detector bias voltage, first and last stage output voltage offset etc.). It is also possible to change the gain, coupling (AC/DC), optimize the first stage transimpedance and manually or automatically suppress the voltage offset. Optimized parameters are stored into the internal EEPROM memory and automatically loaded after the power is on. Reset to default settings is available at any time. For proper operation, the PTCC-01 TEC controller is required. PIP series modules can be equipped with thermoelectrically cooled models of the PC, PCI, PV, PVI, PVM and PVMI IR detector series. Vigo System’s MIP series provides medium-size transimpedance, DC or AC coupled preamplifiers, intended to operate with either biased or non-biased Vigo System IR detectors. MIP series modules are equipped with a fan, do not require any additional external heatsink and are one of the most user-friendly preamplifier series which surely facilitates work. MIP series modules can be equipped with thermoelectrically cooled models of the PC, PCI, PV, PVI, PVM and PVMI IR detector series. Vigo System’s FIP series of high-speed transimpedance, AC-coupled preamplifiers is intended to operate with the biased, TE-cooled IR detector models of Vigo System’s PV and PVI series. Thi series’ fast preamplifier enables precise I-V conversion, detector biasing up to 800 mV and simultaneously maintains compact size and keeps current noise low. FIP series modules are equipped with a fan and do not require additional heat dissipation. They are suitable for applications requiring wide frequency bandwidth. An additional DC output is available as an option. Vigo System’s SIP series of ultra-small transimpedance, AC- or DC-coupled preamplifiers is designed to operate with either biased or non-biased detectors. It is compatible with uncooled IR detectors (in TO39 package, SIP-TO39) or thermoelectrically cooled IR detectors (in TO8 package, SIP-TO8) of the PC, PCI, PV, PVI, PVM and PVMI series. SIP series modules are dedicated for OEM applications, require external heatsinks and provide a possibility to adjust gain (devices with a frequency bandwidth up to 100 MHz). Key Features: Integrated Fan (AIP, MIP, FIP) Integrated TEC Controller (AIP) DC Monitor (AIP, Optional for FIP) Frequency Bandwidth up to 250 MHz, 1 GHz (FIP) Optimized for Effective Heat Dissipation Compatible with Optical Accessories Universal, Versatile & Flexible, Convenient to Use Parameters Configurable by the User (PIP): Output Voltage Offset; Gain (in 40 dB Range); Bandwidth (150 kHz/1.5 MHz/20 MHz, 1.5 MHz/15 MHz/100 MHz); Coupling AC/DC; Detector’s Parameters (Temperature, Reverse Bias etc.) Very Small Size (SIP) Adjustable Gain as an Option (SIP) Low Cut-off Frequency flo: DC to 10 kHz High Cut-off Frequency fhi: 100 kHz to 1 GHz Transimpedance Ki: 0.5 kV/A to 200 kV/A Output Impedance Rout: 50 Ω Output Voltage Swing Vout: ±1 V-, ±2 V, ±10 V Power Supply Voltage: +5 VDC, +12 VDC, ±9 VDC, ±15 VDC, +12/-5 VDC Max. Power Supply Current: ±50 mA, +100/-50 mA Signal Output Socket: SMA, MMCX DC Output Socket: SMA Power Supply & TEC Control Socket: DC 2.1/5.5, DC 2.5/5.5, LEMO Female (PIP, MIP FIP), AMP2x4 (Male) Applications: Industrial; Medical; Automotive; Environmental; Laser Power Control and Calibration; Gas Analysis; Mid-IR Spectroscopy; Gas Leak Detection; Air Quality Analysis; Water Quality Control; Engine Emission Monitoring and Control; Fuel Quality Assessment; Analysis of Temperature Distribution; Railway Transport Safety; Plastic Sorting; Security and Defense

InGaAs Photodetector; 1060, 1310, 1550 nm; Aluminium Enclosure; Responsivity 0.7 mA/mW; RF Bandwidth 0-200 MHz; Transimpedance Gain 3×104 V/A OCT and sensor systems require high-performance balanced photodetectors to increase system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). General Photonics’ BPD-002 balanced photodetector module is specially designed for use in research and development, with ease of use and high performance as the primary design goals. The BPD-002 device is fully enclosed in a compact, sturdy aluminium box with two optical input ports, a balanced RF output port, two 1 MHz monitor ports and a power supply port. With a bandwidth up to 200 MHz, a transimpedance gain larger than 30K and a saturation power larger than 130 µW, the BPD-002 balanced photodetector is ideal for integration into laboratory or commercial OCT, fiber sensor, and high-performance optical measurement systems. Key Features: Low Noise and High Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) High Conversion Gain Wide RF Output Bandwidth (3dB): DC to 200, 100, 50, 10 or 5 MHz Wavelength Range: 1060, 1310 or 1550 nm ±50 nm Compact Size: 97 x 61 x 19 mm Photodetector Type: InGaAs Photodetector Responsivity: 0.7 mA/mW @1310 nm Transimpedance Gain: 3×104 V/A CW Balanced Saturation Power: >130 μW @ 1310 nm PD Input Power (linear range): 0 to 1 mW @ 1310 nm PD Power Damage Threshold: 20 mW Common Mode Rejection Ratio: >25 dB RF Output Voltage Range (at 50 Ω): ±1.8 V Applications: Optical Coherence Tomography; Fiber Sensing Interrogator; Instrumentation; Research and Development

InGaAs Photodetector; 1060, 1310, 1550 nm; Aluminium Enclosure; Responsivity >0.5->0.8 mA/mW; RF Bandwidth 0-200 MHz; Transimpedance Gain 100×103 V/A OCT and sensor systems require high performance balanced photodetectors to boost system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). General Photonics’ BPD-003 OEM balanced photodetector module is specially designed for OEM applications in such fields, engineered for low cost and small size as well as high performance. The BPD-003 device consists of an optical head and a post-amplification board with an SMA or SMB RF output connector. The optical head has two input fibers aligned with a pair of matched photodetectors, selected for high CMRR and sensitivity, followed by an integrated low-noise transimpedance amplifier (TIA) placed immediately after the photodetectors to amplify received signals with low noise and enhanced CMRR. The integrated post-amplification circuit further conditions and amplifies the output of the detectors to a range of ± 3.5 V maximum. With a bandwidth of up to 200 MHz and a high conversion gain, the BPD-003 is ideal for integration into OCT, fiber sensor and high-performance optical measurement systems. Key Features: Very Low Noise Excellent Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR): >15 (40 to 200 MHz), >35 dB (DC to 40 MHz) Photodetector Type: InGaAs Photodetector Responsivity: >0.5 to >0.8 mA/mW High Conversion Gain: >50 to >80 x 10³ mV/mW Wide RF Output Bandwidth: DC to 200 MHz Wavelength Range: 1060, 1310 or 1550 nm ±50 nm Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL): <0.2 dB Return Loss (RL): >45 dB Maximum Input Power: 10 mW Transimpedance Gain: 100 x 10³ V/A Fiber Type: SMF-28, HI1060 Compact Size: 49.5 x 21.6 x 16.5 mm Applications: Sensor Systems; Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Systems; Optical Measurement Systems; Fiber Sensing Interrogator; Instrumentation; Research and Development

400 to 1000 nm; Detector Responsivity 0.5 A/W; Amplifier Gain 14 kΩ; Power Supply 5 V; Max. Operating Voltage 6 V; Max. Data Rate 100 Mbps OSI Optoelectronics’ BPX65-100 series of fiber optic receivers contains a BPX-65 ultra-high-speed photodiode coupled to an NE5212 (Signetics) transimpedance amplifier. Standard products include versions with no fiber connector as well as ST (BPX65-100ST) and SMA (BPX65-100SMA) connector versions. Key Features: Bandwidth: 140 MHz Differential Trans-resistance: 14 KΩ Spectral Range: 400 to 1000 nm 2.5 pA/√Hz Transimpedance Amplifier Applications: 100 Mbps Optical Communications; Fiber Patchcord Coupling; Silicon-based Optical Receivers

Digital Output; FoV 5°, 84°, 120°; Sensitivity 85-530 Counts/K; Noise 8 Counts/K; Time Constant 15, 45 ms; Package ISOthermal TO-5, TO-46, SMD 3x3, SMD 3.8x3.8 Excelitas’ DigiPile® thermopile sensors offer leading-edge, non-contact temperature measurement for applications in smart home, smart appliances, intelligent thermostats and HVAC control systems, and ear and forehead thermometers. TPMI has become an industry wide established Excelitas functionality. The DigiPile series include specially designed electronic circuitry to provide the algorithm and calibration for temperature measurement, digital output and functionality. Excelitas DigiPile was the first digital output thermopile sensor enabling direct connection to your microprocessor and streamlining integration. The DigiPile line of thermal IR detectors are designed specifically for non-contact temperature measurement and are available in traditional TO metal housings as well as in SMD (Surface Mount Device), offering significant space efficiency and streamlined integration. The DigiPile family offers the known high sensitivity together with a 17-bit digital output. Within the bit stream the thermopile signal is followed by another signal given by an internal temperature reference diode. The digital output achieves low interference of electric disturbance to enable optimal performance across many applications and integrations. Excelitas' TPiS 1T 1252B DigiPile sensor features a thermopile sensing chip connected to an internal ADC for amplification and digital conversion. This device engineered into a special TO-46 type housing constriction with Excelitas’ patented ISOthermal design provides improved performance under thermal shock situation. The Excelitas TPiS 1T 1256 L5.5 DigiPile sensor features a thermopile sensing chip connected to an internal ADC for amplification and digital conversion. All included in TO type housing with integral lens. Housed in a compact SMD carrier with optical window, the Excelitas TPiS 1S 1051 / 1252 DigiPile sensor series features thermopile sensing chips connected to an internal ADC to provide amplification and digital conversion. The TPiS 1S 1051 combines the smallest thermopile chip with the smallest housing of any Excelitas thermopile sensor. The TPiS 1S 1252 model delivers higher sensitivity in a modestly larger housing with built-in thermopile chip. Applications: Ear Thermometry; General-purpose Thermometry; Non-contact Temperature Measurements

525-1300 nm; Visible, IR; Active Area 0.071-2.32 mm²; Responsivity 0.08-1 A/W; Dark Current 0.005-20 nA A selection of photodiode chips with sensitivities in the visible and infrared spectral range is available for customer-specific designs. Low dark current, reliability and high sensitivity are the advantages of these products. The EOPC series includes GaP, Si, InGaAs and AlGaAs photodiode chips. For more standard applications, EPIGAP Optronic’s photodiode components are also available housed in molded plastic, hermetic TO and SMD packages (EOPD series) with high degradation stability and good matching with LEDS. The supplier’s diversity of chips in terms of wavelength, chip size and polarity allows the selection and adaptation to the specificity of the application. Please contact the AMS Technologies photodiode experts to find the right solution that meets your design project’s requirements. We would like to support you and look forward to your inquiries! Key Features: Product Max. Sensitivity Package Active Area Responsivity Dark Current Downloads EOPC-525-0.86 525 nm   0.57 mm2 0.08 A/W 5 pA Datasheet EOPC-880-0.9-1 880 nm   0.72 mm2 0.25 A/W 1 nA Datasheet EOPC-940-1.5 940 nm   2.32 mm2 0.6 A/W 8 nA Datasheet EOPC-940-0.1 940 nm   0.1 mm2 0.6 A/W 0.05 nA Datasheet EOPC-1300-0.3 1300 nm   0.071 mm2 1 A/W 0.3 nA Datasheet EOPC-1300-1.0 1300 nm   0.785 mm2 0.95 A/W 20 nA Datasheet   Applications: Optical Communications; Safety Equipment; Light Barriers; Colorimeters; Currency Authentication; Spectroscopy Equipment; Fluorescence; Optical Power Monitor PD

650 to 850 nm; Active Area 0.004 mm2; AA Dia. 0.070 mm, Pitch 0.25 mm; Responsivity 0.63 A/W; Capacitance 0.65 pF; Package Wraparound Ceramic Submount OSI Optoelectronics’ FCI-GaAs-XXM series include 4 and 12 element GaAs PIN photodetector arrays designed for high-speed fiber receiver and monitoring applications. The 70 µm diameter elements are capable of 2.5 Gbps data rates. Anti-reflective (AR) coated and sensitive to telecommunication wavelengths, this array is a perfect receiver for single mode (SM) or multi mode (MM) fiber ribbon with a 250 µm pitch. The FCI-GaAs-XXM comes standard on a wraparound ceramic submount. Board level contacts have a 0.5mm pitch. If you need a custom array or require special testing for your OSI Optoelectronics part, please contact the AMS Technologies applications team. Key Features: High Speed High Responsivity Anti-reflective (AR) Coated Elements Active Area Diameter 70 µm Pitch 250 µm Wraparound Ceramic Submount Spectral Range 650 to 860 nm Applications: Fiber Optic; DWDM Monitors; SM or MM Fiber Ribbons; Parallel Interconnects

650 to 850 nm; Active Area 0.008 mm2; AA Dia. 0.1 mm; Responsivity 1,000 to 1,700 V/W; Transimpedance 2,800 Ω; Package TO-46, TO-52 OSI Optoelectronics’ FCI-H125/250G-GaAs-100 series with active area sizes of 100 µm is a compact integration of OSI Optoelectronics’ high-speed GaAs photodetector with a wide dynamic range transimpedance amplifier (TIA). Combining the detector with the TIA in a hermetically sealed 4-pin TO-46 or TO-52 package provides ideal conditions for high-speed signal amplification. Low capacitance, low dark current and high responsivity from 650 to 860 nm make these devices ideal for high bit rate receivers used in LAN, MAN and other high-speed communication systems. TO packages come standard with a lensed cap to enhance coupling efficiency or with a broadband double-sided anti-reflective (AR) coated flat window. The FCI-H125/250G-GaAs-100 series is also offered with FC, SC, ST and SMA receptacles. Key Features: GaAs Photodetector / Low-noise Transimpedance Amplifier Hybrid High Bandwidth Wide Dynamic Range Hermetically Sealed TO-46 or TO-52 Can Single +3.3 to +5 V Power Supply Spectral Range 650 to 850 nm Differential Output Applications: High-speed Optical Communications; Gigabit Ethernet; Fibre Channel; ATM; SONET OC-48 / SDH STM-16

1310, 1550 nm; Sensitivity -54 dBm Max.; Min. Responsivity 0.9 A/W; Min. Bandwidth 3.0 MHz; Output Impedance 10 Ω OSI LaserDiode’s LDPA 0003R PINFET optical receiver module provides an excellent solution for optical receiver systems that require both high sensitivity and wide dynamic range. Applications include telecommunications line-terminating equipment or repeaters and optical sensor systems where a user adjustable gain may be desirable for optimizing system performance. Key Features: High Sensitivity Wide Dynamic Range User-adjustable Gain 1310 nm, 1550 nm Operation 850 nm Option Available Control Voltage: -4.5 V to 0.0 V Minimum Bandwidth (3 dB): 3.0 MHz Vo Limit: 0.5 Vpp to 1.0 Vpp Minimum Optical Input Overload: -6 dBm Supply Voltage: 5 VDC (4.5 to 5.5 VDC) Minimum Transimpedance: 1,100.0 kΩ Minimum Responsivity (@1550 nm): 0.9 A/W Maximum Optical Sensitivity (@1550 nm): -54 dBm Output Impedance: 10 Ω Typical Load Impedance: 1,000 Ω Typical Hermetic Package – Industry Standard 14-pin DIP Package Custom MIL or IEC Screening RoHS Compliant Operating Temperature: -40 °C to +70 °C Dimensions: 20.8 x 12.7 x 4.7 mm (w/o Fiber Pigtail) Applications: Telecommunications Line-terminating Equipment; Repeaters; Optical Sensor Systems

850, 1310, 1550 nm; Data Rate 1-350 Mb/s; Sensitivity -60—32 dBm; Responsivity 0.5-0.95 A/W; Min. Bandwidth 1-250 MHz; Output Impedance 10 Ω With the LDPF/LDPW/LDSF PINFET series, OSI LaserDiode provides an excellent solution for optical receiver systems that require both high sensitivity and wide dynamic range. Applications include telecommunication line-terminating equipment or repeaters and optical sensor systems. The PINFET optical receiver modules’ package offers high reliability which satisfies Telcordia specifications. The term “PINFET” (p-intrinsic-n, field-effect transistor) indicates the integration of a PIN photodiode and a discrete, high-performance transimpedance amplifier stage. Light is coupled into the detector stage through a multi mode (MM) optical fiber pigtail, which allows excellent coupling with either single mode (SM) or multi mode (MM) fiber systems. Key Features: 850 nm, 1310 nm, 1550 nm Operation Custom Bandwidths Available Minimum Bandwidth: 1 MHz to 250 MHz Suggested Data Rate: 1 Mb/s to 350 Mb/s Dark Current @-5 VDC: 0.5 nA Typical, 1 nA Maximum Detector Responsivity: 0.5 A/W (@850 nm, LDSF series), 0.90 A/W (@1300 nm, LDPF/LDPW series), 0.95 A/W (@1550 nm, LDPF/LDPW series) High Sensitivity: -60 dBm to -32 dBm Sensitivity Derating Over Temperature: <1 dB Maximum Optical Input @-5 VDC: Sensitivity Level (dBm) +25 dB (LDSF/LDPF series), -3 dBm to 0 dBm (LPDW series) Maximum Output Signal Level: 2.5 Vpp (LDSF/LDPF series), 0.8 Vpp (LPDW series) Typical High Overload Power Wide Dynamic Range: 25 dB to 57 dB Typical Supply Voltage: 5 VDC (4.5 to 5.5 VDC) Transimpedance: 10 kΩ to 1,120 kΩ Output Impedance: 10 Ω Load Impedance: 1 kΩ Hermetic Package: Industry Standard 14-pin DIP Package GR-468-CORE Telcordia Qualified MIL or IEC Screening Available upon Request Operating Temperature: -40 °C to +70 °C Applications: Line-Terminating Equipment; Repeaters; Optical Sensor Systems

Polarization Diverse Photodetector; 1310, 1550 nm; Aluminium Enclosure; Signal Conversion Gain >30 V/mW; RF Bandwidth 0-210 MHz; Transimpedance Gain 3x104 V/A OCT and sensor systems require high-performance balanced photodetectors to increase system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Polarization-sensitive OCT and similar applications require separate analysis of the two polarization components of a signal. General Photonics’ PBPD-001 polarization diverse balanced photodetector module is specially designed for use in such systems and adds polarization sensitivity to the balanced photodetector circuitry of the BPD-002 or BPD-003 balanced photodetector modules. The PBPD-001 polarization diverse balanced photodetector is fully enclosed in a compact, sturdy aluminium box with two optical input ports, a balanced RF output port and two monitor ports for each polarization component and a 12 VDC power supply port. With a bandwidth up to 200 MHz, a transimpedance gain larger than 30K and a saturation power larger than 130 μW, the PBPD-001 polarization diverse balanced photodetector is ideal for integration into laboratory or commercial OCT, fiber sensor, and high performance optical measurement systems with polarization dependent detection requirements. Key Features: Low Noise High Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR): >25 dB High Signal Conversion Gain: >30 V/mW (Interference Signal) Wide RF Output Bandwidth (3dB): DC to 210 MHz Wavelength Range: 1310 or 1550 nm ±50 nm Compact Size: 100 x 80 27 mm Polarization Crosstalk: <25 dB Transimpedance Gain: 3×104 V/A CW Balanced Saturation Power (At Input): >150 μW Common Mode Rejection Ratio: >25 dB RF Output Voltage Range (at 50 Ω): ±1.75 V Applications: Polarization Sensitive OCT Systems; Polarization Resolved Sensing; Fiber Optic Distributed Sensing; Instrumentation; Research and Development

1-15 µm; Active Area 0.000625-16 mm²; Detectivity ≥9.0×106- 4.0×1010 cm·Hz1/2/W; Resistance ≤120-≤1,200 Ω; Package TO39, BNC, TO8, TO 66 Vigo System’s PC/PCI range of photoconductive detectors is based on the photoconductive effect. Infrared radiation generates charge carriers in the semiconductor active region decreasing its resistance. The resistance change is sensed as a current change by applying a constant voltage bias. The PC/PCI series devices are characterized by near linear current-voltage characteristics. The electric field in photoconductors is constant across the device. These components are based on sophisticated HgCdTe heterostructures for the best performance and stability and optimized for the maximum performance at λopt. Vigo System’s PC series features 1 µm to 12 μm HgCdTe uncooled, ambient temperature IR photoconductive detectors. The devices should operate in optimum bias voltage and current readout mode. Performance at low frequencies is reduced due to 1/f noise. The 1/f noise corner frequency increases with the cut-off wavelength. PC series devices are also available thermoelectrically cooled by two-stage (PC-2TE series), three-stage (PC-3TE series) or even four-stage (PC-4TE series) TEC structures, resulting in 1 µm to 14 μm (PC-2TE), 1 µm to 15 μm (PC-3TE) or 1 µm to 16 µm (PC-3TE) HgCdTe photoconductive detectors. These series are protected by a 3° wedged sapphire (wAl2O3, PC-2TE) or zinc selenide anti-reflection coated (wZnSeAR) window, preventing unwanted interference effects. The PCI series is optically immersed in order to further improve the parameters of the devices. This series’ cut-on wavelength is limited by GaAs transmittance (~0.9 μm). Corresponding to the PC series, PCI series components are also available either as 1 µm to 12 μm HgCdTe uncooled, ambient temperature IR photoconductive detectors or as 1 µm to 15 µm (PCI-4TE: 16 µm) HgCdTe photoconductive detectors that are thermoelectrically cooled by two-stage (PCI-2TE series), three-stage (PCI-3TE series) or even four-stage (PCI-4TE series) TEC structures, again with a 3° wedged sapphire (wAl2O3, PC-2TE) or wedged zinc selenide anti-reflection coated (wZnSeAR) window, preventing unwanted interference effects. For its range of PC/PCI HgCdTe (MCT) photoconductive detectors, Vigo System provides a broad range of selected line or configurable line infrared (IR) detection modules that integrate the IR photodetector with the preamplifier and – depending on the module series – also signal processing electronics, optics, heat dissipation systems and other components in a common package. Key Features: High Detectivity Low Speed High Stability and Reliability, Long Lifetime and MTBF 1/f Noise Corner Frequency fc: ≤10 kHz to ≤20 kHz Active Element Material: Epitaxial HgCdTe Heterostructure Optimal Wavelength λopt: 5.0 to 14.0 μm With or Without Immersion Microlens Technology Uncooled, Room Temperature Operation or Thermoelectrically Cooled (2-Stage, 3-Stage or 4-Stage) Detectivity D*: ≥1.9x107 to ≥4.0×1010 cm·Hz1/2/W (λpeak, 20 kHz), ≥9.0×106 to ≥2.0×1010 cm·Hz1/2/W (λopt, 20 kHz) Different Sizes of Active/Optical Area A(O): 25×25 µm² to 4×4 mm² Current Responsivity-Active (Optical) Area Length Product Ri(λopt)·L(O): ≥0.001 to ≥3.0 A·mm/W Time Constant τ: ≤2 ns to ≤20,000 ns Bias Voltage Active Area Length Ration Vb/L: ≤0.15 V/mm to ≤24.5 V/mm Resistance R: ≤120 to ≤1,200 Ω Active Element Temperature Tdet: ~195 to ~230 K (TE-cooled Versions) Different Acceptance Angles Φ: ~36° to ~124° Different Packages: TO39, BNC, TO8, TO 66 Different Infrared Windows: None, wAl2O3, wZnSeAR Wide Range of Dedicated Preamplifiers and Accessories Available Applications: Industrial; Medical; Automotive; Environmental; Laser Power Control and Calibration; Gas Analysis; Mid-IR Spectroscopy; Gas Leak Detection; Air Quality Analysis; Water Quality Control; Engine Emission Monitoring and Control; Fuel Quality Assessment; Analysis of Temperature Distribution; Railway Transport Safety; Plastic Sorting; Security and Defense